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NCC Section J · Part J9

NCC Section J energy monitoring requirements, in plain English.

A practical guide to clause J9D3 for builders, electricians and developers: when energy monitoring is triggered, what has to be metered, how the data has to be collected, and how PhaseLink is designed to meet it.

General information only. This page summarises the National Construction Code as published by the Australian Building Codes Board (ABCB). It isn't legal or design advice. Always check the NCC edition and any state or territory variations that apply to your project, and confirm requirements with the project's designer or building certifier.

At a glance

The short version

Energy monitoring sits in Part J9 of NCC Volume One, clause J9D3 "Facilities for energy monitoring". The rules step up with the building's floor area.

J9D3(1) More than 500 m²

Record gas and electricity

A building or sole-occupancy unit over 500 m² must have energy meters configured to record the time-of-use consumption of gas and electricity.

J9D3(2) More than 2,500 m²

Meter each major service separately

Meters must allow individual time-of-use recording of nine services: air-conditioning, lighting, appliance power, central hot water, lifts and escalators, renewables, EV charging, batteries and other ancillary plant.

J9D3(3) Where (2) applies

One interface for all the data

Those meters must be linked by a communication system that collates the data to a single interface monitoring system, where it can be stored, analysed and reviewed.

Which edition applies

NCC 2022 or NCC 2025?

The ABCB published NCC 2025 on 1 May 2026, and states and territories are adopting it on different dates. The edition that applies generally depends on when the building application is lodged, so check with your certifier.

NCC 2025 adoption dates by state and territory
State or territoryNCC 2025 adoption (per the ABCB)
Victoria1 May 2026
ACT1 May 2026, with a 12-month transition period
Western Australia1 May 2026, with a 12-month transition period
New South Wales1 May 2027
Queensland1 May 2027
South Australia1 May 2027 (Building Code of Australia provisions)
Tasmania1 May 2027 (temporarily adopted 1 May to 4 June 2026)
Northern TerritoryNot adopted at the time of writing

Good news for energy monitoring: the core wording of J9D3(1), (2) and (3) is the same in NCC 2022 and NCC 2025. NCC 2025 removes the Class 2 common-area exemption from J9D3(4) and adds new clauses J9D3(5) to (7), which only apply where a building has an Environmental Management Information System (see below). Source: ABCB, NCC 2025 state and territory adoption information.

The requirements in detail

What J9D3 actually asks for

Here's each part of the clause, with what it means on site.

Who it applies to

Section J sits in NCC Volume One, which covers commercial, industrial, public and multi-residential buildings (Classes 2 to 9). Part J9 provides Deemed-to-Satisfy provisions for energy efficiency. The ABCB describes the Part as enabling "the monitoring of energy use (other than for billing purposes)", so these meters are for managing the building, not for retail billing. Under clause J9D2 (NCC 2022), Part J9 doesn't apply within a sole-occupancy unit of a Class 2 building, to a Class 4 part of a building, or to a Class 8 electricity network substation. Class 2 apartment buildings are treated differently again under NCC 2025, so check with the designer on residential jobs.

J9D3(1): buildings over 500 m²

A building, or a sole-occupancy unit, with a floor area of more than 500 m² must have energy meters configured to record the time-of-use consumption of gas and electricity. In practice that means consumption recorded against the time and date, not just a running total on a meter face.

J9D3(2): buildings over 2,500 m²

A building with a floor area of more than 2,500 m² must have energy meters configured to enable individual time-of-use energy data recording of:

  1. air-conditioning plant, including heating plant, cooling plant and air handling fans where appropriate
  2. artificial lighting
  3. appliance power
  4. central hot water supply
  5. internal transport devices (lifts, escalators and moving walkways) where more than one serves the building
  6. on-site renewable energy equipment
  7. on-site electric vehicle charging equipment
  8. on-site battery systems
  9. other ancillary plant

J9D3(3): one monitoring interface

The meters required by (2) must be interlinked by a communication system that collates the time-of-use energy data to a single interface monitoring system where it can be stored, analysed and reviewed. The ABCB's explanatory text says the data should be readily accessible to maintenance personnel without physically inspecting the meters, and sent to a communications platform (for example, a computer) in a format such as a .csv file that can be analysed.

J9D3(4): exemptions from (2)

The separate-services metering in (2) doesn't apply to meters serving individual sole-occupancy units with a floor area of less than 2,500 m². Under NCC 2022 it also doesn't apply to a Class 2 building whose common areas total less than 500 m².

J9D3(5) to (7): buildings with an EMIS (NCC 2025)

NCC 2025 adds requirements that apply only where a building has an Environmental Management Information System (EMIS). An EMIS must record extra data on a 5-minute basis (such as chiller temperatures, zone temperatures, outside conditions and total building demand), provide demand-management control, graphical analysis, bulk downloads of at least 2 years of history, HVAC scheduling and override, and measurement and verification functions. Services using less than 5% of the building's annual energy are excluded. These are full building-management features, well beyond basic energy metering.

Intervals and record keeping

J9D3(1) to (3) require time-of-use recording but don't set a logging interval or a minimum storage period. The 5-minute interval and the 2-year bulk download only appear in the EMIS provisions of NCC 2025. Your project specification may set its own interval, storage or reporting requirements, so check it.

Related Part J9 clauses

J9D4 requires EV-charging distribution boards in carparks for many building classes, including at least 36 mm of DIN rail space per outgoing circuit for future sub-circuit metering of EV charging. J9D5 covers solar photovoltaic and battery systems, including space on the main switchboard. NCC 2025 changes this clause, so check the edition that applies. These affect switchboard layout, so it's worth planning metering space at the same time.

FAQ

NCC energy monitoring questions

Does my building need energy monitoring?

If it's an NCC Volume One building (or sole-occupancy unit) with a floor area over 500 m², J9D3(1) requires meters that record time-of-use gas and electricity consumption. Over 2,500 m², J9D3(2) and (3) add separate metering of each major service and a single monitoring interface. The project's energy-efficiency design and certifier will confirm what applies.

Is PhaseLink "NCC compliant"?

PhaseLink is designed to meet the energy-monitoring requirements of NCC Section J clause J9D3(1) to (3) for electricity. Compliance is assessed for the whole building, so the designer or certifier confirms it for each project.

What logging interval does the NCC require?

J9D3(1) to (3) require time-of-use recording but don't set an interval. PhaseLink records 15-minute intervals aligned to the clock. The 5-minute interval in NCC 2025 applies only to buildings that have an Environmental Management Information System.

How long does the data need to be kept?

J9D3(1) to (3) don't set a minimum storage period. The data must be able to be stored, analysed and reviewed. PhaseLink stores data on the box and keeps daily backups. Check the project specification for any retention requirement.

Do we have to monitor lifts?

Under J9D3(2)(e), internal transport devices (lifts, escalators and moving walkways) need individual recording where more than one serves a building over 2,500 m².

Does the monitoring system need internet or a cloud service?

The NCC requires the data to be collated to a single interface where it can be stored, analysed and reviewed. It doesn't require the cloud. PhaseLink shows its dashboard on a screen built into the box and can run completely air-gapped, with no internet, building network connection or subscription.

Do the meters need to be revenue-grade?

The J9D3 clause text doesn't name a meter accuracy class, and the ABCB describes Part J9 monitoring as "other than for billing purposes". Your project's electrical specification may set its own requirements, so check it.

What about gas?

J9D3(1) covers gas as well as electricity. PhaseLink records electricity only, so where a building needs gas recorded, that's done with separate equipment.

Which NCC edition applies to my job?

It depends on the state or territory and when the application is lodged. NCC 2025 is in force in Victoria and (with transition periods) the ACT and Western Australia from 1 May 2026, and is due in NSW, Queensland, South Australia and Tasmania on 1 May 2027. The J9D3 energy-monitoring basics are the same in both editions.

Sources

Official references

Last checked November 2026. The NCC is © Commonwealth of Australia and the States and Territories of Australia, published by the Australian Building Codes Board.

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